| Changed Lives Overview | Changed Lives Events in MO, KS, IA, and NE |
|
Dangerous Passages: Medical Theory and Practices
of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Home-Bound
on the Roche Jaune:
Troubled Trust: Lewis & Clark’s Legacy and the Indian Frontier The Corps of Discovery returned to St. Louis in 1806, not having finished all of their objectives. Unfulfilled were Jefferson’s hopes of cultivating the American fur trade, winning over the Indians from Spanish and British influence, and laying the foundations for a carefully regulated trade and intercourse with the Indians. The president’s hopes became official responsibilities for William Clark, appointed as Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the western territories in 1807. Set in 1822, Clark reveals his daunting troubles trying to manage settlers, traders, Indian nations and missionaries on the frontier. Ritchie Doyle was born and raised in western Montana along important parts of the Lewis and Clark route, giving him a down-to-earth understanding of their difficulties and fatigues. Mr. Doyle has been a member of the Montana Committee for the Humanities Speakers Bureau since 1993 and has presented William Clark nearly 200 times, including appearances for the Montana Historical Society, the Lewis & Clark Interpretive Center (Great Falls, MT.), Montana Storytellers Roundup and The Western Heritage Center. The Legacy of
Private William Bratton, Member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Corps of Discovery Passages
to the West: From Lewis and Clark to Many Trails of Tears Wilderness Journey: the Life of William Clark Presenter: William E. Foley
Foley is Professor Emeritus of History at Central Missouri State University and General Editor of the Missouri Biography Series. In 2001 the State Historical Society of Missouri awarded him its Distinguished Service Award, and he was also a recipient of the Missouri Governor's Award for Teaching Excellence We Leave Something Behind When We Leave Presenter: Diane Glancy  "This
presentation is about the process of finding historical voices that
have been left out of history, such as Sacajawea. When I wrote about
the young Shoshoni woman who traveled with Lewis and Clark on their
journey west (in STONE HEART: A NOVEL OF SACAJAWEA), I read the Lewis
& Clark journals, did my research, and traveled the route of the
1804-06 Corps of Discovery while listening to the journals on the tape-deck
in my car. As an author, I have found that it is possible to hear the
land and the voices that it somehow carries. Writing is an experience of 'real documentation' mixed with a 'journey of the imagination.' I do think it is possible to hear what the land says, and the voices of those who passed there. We leave something behind when we leave? The land is marked with a remnant of our identity, a sense of the place we inhabited."  Diane
Glancy is a professor (soon to be emeritus) at Macalester College in
St. Paul, Minnesota, where she teaches Native American Literature and
Creative Writing. She has published books in many categories
including novel, short story, poetry and essay, and has won many awards
including a National Endowment for the Arts and an American Book Award.
Related website: http://www.macalester.edu/~glancy/ Through French-Canadian Eyes: the Lewis and Clark expedition from a French-Canadian perspective Presenter: Richard Hétu
Richard Hétu is the New York correspondent for the Montreal daily newspaper La Presse. He is the author of The Lost Guide (East Village Press, 2004), a historical novel on the Lewis and Clark expedition first published in French under the title La route de l'Ouest (VLB Éditeur, 2002). He also wrote Lettre ouverte aux antiaméricains (VLB Éditeur, 2003), a nonfiction work. He lives with his family in Manhattan. Earth Lodge Culture Presenter: Debra Hiebert
The most time consuming activity for Lewis and Clark's Corps of Discovery was securing and preparing foods. Plants and animals along the route, as well as Native American tribes they encountered, largely influenced their diet. Debra Hiebert, a specialist in Southern Plains and Missouri River regions American Indian cultures, will present a program that will focus on the foraging, cultivating and processing of food. Overwintering in 1804-1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition interacted with the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikira in different ways, learning about their culture. Share these experiences of life in an earth lodge village through artifacts of the period, reproductions of typical items, readings, and many items to see and touch. Deb Hiebert has presented interpretive programs for over 18 years in history, natural history, environmental education, horticulture, and culinary arts, including 1st-person interpretation. She is a member of National Association for Interpretation, and co-owner/operator of Bear Paw Traders, providing period reproductions of clothing, weapons, "household" items, horsegear, boats, and anything else needed forthe Fur Trade through Indian Wars period. Many Faces, Many Stories: The Members of the Expedition Presenter: Beverly Hinds  Who
were some of the members of the expedition? Young woodsmen and hunters
from Kentucky? Army members? Newcomers from another country? Those
who spoke English as another language? A diverse group that came together
as a "community" to carry out President Jefferson's directive of June
20, 1803." Beverly (Bev) Hinds of Sioux City is a graduate of the University of Iowa College of Nursing, and a devoted Lewis and Clark historian, researching their history for more than 30 years. She has followed the Lewis and Clark Trail since 1974, and has been a member of the Lewis and Clark Heritage Trail Foundation (LCHTF) since 1971. In 2003, Bev Hinds received the Petersen/Harlan Award from the State Historical Society of Iowa for her long-term contribution to Iowa history. Lewis and Clark Campsites - Show Me the Evidence Presenter: Ken Karsmizki
Ken Karsmizki has worked in the museum field since 1980 as curator, historian, and archaeologist and came to the Columbia Gorge Discovery Center in early 2001 and assumed the position of Executive Director in December of 2002. For the past 17 years Ken has been engaged in an archaeological search for evidence of Lewis and Clark campsites. Karsmizki’s archaeological search is the focus of a Discovery Channel documentary that first aired in June 2002 and part of his research was included in a History Channel documentary on the technological aspects of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Discovery Center opened a major new exhibit, Cargo: Equipment and Supplies of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. This exhibit explores the 30 tons of cargo the Corps of Discovery transported across the continent. The exhibit will be featured at the Discovery Center throughout the Bicentennial of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. The Lewis and Clark Expedition: Captain Clark's Perspective Presenter: Wayne Kobberdahl
This presentation will give special emphasis to Captain William Clark, as Dr. Kobberdahl reenacts, in costume, segments of the history of the Lewis and Clark expedition. Kobberdahl is an educator, author, and researcher who spent most of his professional career at Waldorf College, the University of Nebraska and Iowa State University. He is currently retired and lives in Council Bluffs, Iowa. The Diverse Mind of Thomas Jefferson a first-person narrative Presenter: Patrick Lee 
Patrick Lee is a professional speaker, actor and writer. Since 1990, he has inspired, entertained, and educated audiences with his authentic, first person presentations. He has just completed a series of 21 articles about the Lewis and Clark Expedition, published by the Missouri Society of Professional Surveyor and included in the book, Mosquitoes, Gnats & Prickly Pear Cactus, The Lewis & Clark Review. Remember the Ladies Presenters: Nancy Lewis & Anne Mallinson 
"Remember the ladies," wrote Abigail Adams to her husband John as he
toiled with other founding fathers over the process of creating a new
nation. Abigail knew that women provided vital support at home while
their men struggled to make the world's first representative democracy
a success. As the nation forged its way to the Pacific Ocean, women accompanied their fathers, husbands, brothers, and sons into the wilderness. They worked to enable new settlements and ventures to prosper. The contributions of Lucy Marks (mother of Meriwether Lewis), and the Shoshone woman, Sacajawea, combined to help make the Lewis and Clark Expedition a success. Dolley Madison, whose husband James served as Secretery of State under Thomas Jefferson, proved influential on the political scene from before the turn of the century until long after the years of the Lewis and Clark expedition. As members of the returned expedition married and established new lives, the women in their families helped provide the transition and stability so necessary in carrying forward their story. The presenters Nancy Lewis and Anne Mallinson share information about the lives of women of the Lewis and Clark era, the unique challenges they faced, and their role in creating the emerging American identity. The presenters will bring a sampling of time period clothing as well as other display items. Handouts and a bibliography will be available.
The
Lewis and Clark Expedition from the Sac and Fox Perspective
Prior to
the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the Sac and Fox Nation populated wide
stretches of land in the northeastern and midwestern sections of what
is now known as the United States. The Sauk and the Fox, two separate
but now allied tribes came from southeast Canada and lived in the state
of New York. In the midwest, the Sac and Fox lived in the Great Lakes
area, from Michigan and Wisconsin, down through Illinois and Missouri.
The Sac and Fox participated in the St. Louis fur trade and lived along
the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers. Tribal members encountered Lewis
and Clark at their camp in Wood River, Illinois but considered them
no more than just "some guys passing through." The journey of Lewis and Clark does not in itself hold the same historical significance to the Sac and Fox, but it certainly had its impact through the reports to Washington, DC of the land base that the Sac and Fox and other tribes at that time called home. The expansion of the American government into those lands charted by Lewis and Clark forced out the original inhabitants through treaties that were never legally binding, signed as they were by persons who did not have the authority to do so. Black Hawk, a great Sauk leader, recognized the documents as invalid and felt no need to adhere to them. His band continued to inhabit the lands ceded by the treaties, lands that held their homes and burial sites, and he fought to uphold tribal sovereignty and to protect the graves of his people. Sandra Kaye Massey is enrolled with the Sac and Fox Nation of Oklahoma and serves as a member of its NAGPRA/Cultural Resources Committee, and on the tribal Grievance Committee, the Constitutional Amendment Committee, Foster Home Licensing Commission, and on the Kansas City Frank Vaydick Park Steering Committee. Massey is currently employed with The Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma as its librarian and in historic preservation. She is a former reporter/photographer for the Sac and Fox News and still contributes articles to newspapers in Indian Country. Massey graduated as a paralegal from the Metropolitan College of Legal Studies in Tulsa but has also received higher educational training in English, Journalism, Creative Writing, and Photography.
Meriwether Lewis: Letters Home
 Tim
McNeil, a living history presenter from Boise, Idaho, uses quotes from
Lewis’s Journals as he recounts the Expedition’s 8000-mile journey.
His knowledge as a carpenter and a naturalist help him interpret the
complex character of Lewis. Mr. McNeil re-creates three scenes of the journey: Fort Mandan; Canoe Camp on the Clearwater River in Idaho after crossing the mountains; and central Idaho in 1806 after a winter on the Pacific Coast. In these programs, the audience has the chance to experience aspects of the journey from a first-hand perspective.
The Doctrine of Discovery, Jefferson, and Lewis & Clark
Bob Miller is an Associate Professor of Law at Lewis & Clark Law School in Portland, Oregon. He has taught and practiced Indian law since 1993. He has also served as a pro tem tribal judge for various Northwest tribes since 1995, and is currently the Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals for the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community. He also serves on the boards of the Oregon Native American Business & Entrepreneurial Network, the Tribal Leaders Forum, and is a past Chair and organizer of the Oregon State Bar Indian Law Section. Mr. Miller has published numerous articles on Indian law issues and has spoken at dozens of conferences and trainings across the country. He is currently writing and speaking about the Lewis & Clark expedition and its impact on tribes, and was appointed by his tribe to be on the Circle of Tribal Advisors to the National Council of the Lewis & Clark Bicentennial. Bob is a citizen of the Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma.
Lewis and Clark’s New Look
None of these studies has been more intriguing than ones that explore new ways of judging the character and personality of the leading figures of the Corps of Discovery: Meriwether Lewis and William Clark Declared heroes by an earlier age, these leaders have had their reputations tarnished or redefined in recent years. Lewis has undergone the most severe reevaluation. Lost is the capable leader chosen by Jefferson as the best and brightest of his generation. Now we have a deeply troubled individual, who is alcohol-prone and angst-ridden to the point of experiencing a bipolar personality disorder. Facing deep depressions according to the new writers, he was unable to keep a journal during long periods of the expedition, and he ultimately committed suicide only three years later. Recent studies also find self-doubts and relationship difficulties (particularly with women) that seem to make him barely capable of leading an exploring party. Clark, too, has suffered under scrutiny. Attention is now fixed on the harsh slave-master of post-expedition years. Gone is the benign brother-like figure to his slave York, who accompanied him on the expedition. From recently discovered documents we know that Clark beat and imprisoned York and even threatened to sell him to harsh masters. These factors and other features of thelives of Lewis and Clark are the focus of the presentation. Gary E. Moulton is Thomas C. Sorensen Professor of History at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (Emeritus) and editor of the Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Moulton began the editing project in 1979 with support from the UNL Center for Great Plains Studies, the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, and the National Endowment for the Humanities, Washington, D.C.; he completed the thirteen-volume edition in 1999 and retired from the university in 2004. Moulton’s research interests are historical editing, the exploration of the American West, and American Indians. Among his publications are a biography of Chief John Ross of the Cherokees (1978), a two-volume edition of his papers (1985), and the journals of the Lewis and Clark expedition (1983-2001). Significant research awards include the National Cowboy Hall of Fame’s Wrangler Award recognizing the Atlas of the Lewis and Clark Expedition as the Best Western Nonfiction Book (1984), the Award of Meritorious Achievement from the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation (1988), and the J. Franklin Jameson Prize for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from the American Historical Association (1990). Moulton was a consultant for Ken Burns’ 1997 film, “Lewis and Clark: The Journey of the Corps of Discovery,” an advisor on the United States Mint’s design of the one-dollar Sacagawea coin, and a consultant for National Geographic’s Lewis and Clark IMAX film. Related website: http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/
Science
and Medicine in the Era of Lewis and Clark
David J Peck, was born and raised in Santa Barbara, California. After earning his Bachelors and Masters Degrees in Biological Sciences/Secondary Education at Arizona State University, and teaching high school biology for four years, David earned his medical degree at Western University of Health Sciences, and has practiced in the Department of Urgent Care for a large multi-specialty medical group in San Diego, CA for the past 16 years. He is board certified in Family Practice. Related websites: http://www.lewisandclarkmedicine.com http://www.nps.gov/jeff/LewisClark2/TheBicentennial/Symposium2003/Papers/Peck_David.html
Respect: Osages encountering Lewis and Clark
Artistic and Cultural Currents of the Osage
Understanding Native American Identity
Freedom to Worship: Native American Perspectives American Indians have long sought to overcome societal misunderstandings and laws that restrict their freedom of religion. As we explore Indian religious values, we'll shed light on controversies such as the use of peyote in the Native American church. Jerry Shaw is an instructor in the Ethnic Studies Program at Wichita State University in Wichita, Kansas, where he has taught since 1972. A graduate of Kansas State University, he received an Excellence in Teaching Award from Wichita State in 1991 and the Academy for Effective Teaching Award in 2000. He also received the Leo Reano Memorial Award from the National Education Association in 1985 in recognition of his service to young Indian people. Professor Shaw is a member of the Osage tribe and has been elected for a 2002-2006 term to the Osage Tribal Council, the 10-member governing body of the Osages. He served for ten years as a board member of the Mid-America All-Indian Center in Wichita and is active in numerous community service organizations. William Clark: An Interpretation Presenter: Jeffrey Smith  Jeffrey
Smith has portrayed historical characters for over ten years, and is
currently completing a book manuscript on William Clark for the University
of Nebraska Press. Smith is Professor of History at Lindenwood University
and, like Clark, lives in St. Louis.Smith's interpretation centers on Clark, as he was shaped by the Corps of Discovery experience, which was perhaps the most important single “event” in his life; the one that made his a household name in what became the territory and state of Missouri, and a noted expert on western Indian affairs in Washington. Without it he would not have moved to St. Louis, would not have entered its local politics, would not have been at the center of the debate over relations with Native Americans. French
Creole Music Traditions of Old Upper Louisiana Proceeding on and Coming Back—It Should Be Enough: L & C in Retrospect The
Greatest Hits of 1803 The
Shawnee Nation George
Drouillard - The Role of the Sign-Talker |
How was the Expedition shaped by medical theory and practice of the
early 1800s? Robert Dorian explores this topic and demonstrates medical
equipment similar to that used on the Expedition. This presentation
delves into the medical theory and practices of the early 1800s and
explores how they affected the medical treatments of the members of
the Corps of Discovery; and reveals what people thought about how
the human body functioned, and how ailments were treated historically.
Robert
H. Dorian is affiliated with the Frontier Army Museum of Fort Leavenworth,
Kansas. He is a social historian and experimental archaeologist specializing
in the exploration of the Louisiana Purchase and the territory acquired
from Mexico in 1848. 
"I
speak on behalf of my lifelong interest in Private William Bratton and
the Lewis and Clark Expedition story. I have experienced the overland
portage through the Bitterroot Mountains including many other segments
of the trail. I am responsible for proposing, researching, and dedicating
an Indiana Historical Marker at the grave site of William Bratton and
conducting complete restoration of Bratton’s memorial, including
placement of a bronze plaque on the limestone base that reiterates the
weathered and barely visible carving '…west with Lewis and Clark
to the Rocky Mountains.' William Bratton is buried at Old Pioneer Cemetery,
Waynestown, Indiana."
Between
1802 and 1838, the United States transforming the Trans-Mississippi
west, inhabited by tens of thousands of Indians and traversed only by
fur traders, through acquisition and administration, exploration and
exploitation. 
Clark’s journey through the West advanced Jefferson’s plans
for a settler empire and promoted the forced relocation of many Indian
nations in passages that were both geographical and cultural. 
Women
of Destiny: Generations of Matriarchs...Lewis and Clark Challenge the
Lakota Circle of Life
Mr.
Red Eagle comments: "The first subject was on the 'Points of Departure'
of historical events that occurred from the time of the Osages encountering
Lewis and Clark, in 1804, through the past two hundred years to today.
The second subject was on my family’s ancestor, Nathaniel Pryor, 1st
Sergeant on the 'Corp of Discovery,' and his family background. A 'common
thread' of my remarks was an emphasis on the value of 'Respect' that
was evident on both sides of peoples at the time of the first encounters.
I believe that the trait of 'Respect' was a primary element that opened
the way to success for the Discovery Corp of Lewis and Clark. 
Dennis Stroughmatt, a featured speaker on the Missouri Humanities Council
Program Bureau and a touring artist on the Mid-America Arts Alliance
Artist Tour, is an Illinois native who was first introduced to American
French culture as a teenager near Old Mines, Missouri. It was there
that he spent almost three intensive years recording, observing, and
learning many of the Creole French traditions still alive in "upper
Louisiana." 
A
nomadic lifestyle, by choice or more often by force, has long characterized
the Shawnees and resulted in their occupancy in approximately 25 states
of the Eastern, Midwest, and Southern United States. The wandering nature
of the Shawnees and their reliance upon oral history make it extremely
difficult to trace the heritage of the estimated ten to fifty thousand
original members, and even more difficult to achieve tribal oneness
with that heritage. updated 9/21/05
